Curriculum+and+Standards

The proposed course will include the following Pennsylvania State Standards 3.1.12  A.  Apply concepts of systems, subsystems, feedback and control to solve complex technological problems. · Analyze and describe the function, interaction and relationship among subsystems and the system itself. · Compare and contrast several systems that could be applied to solve a single problem. · Evaluate the causes of a system’s inefficiency. B. Apply concepts of models as a method to predict and understand science and technology. · Evaluate technological processes by collecting data and applying mathematical models (e.g., process control). · Apply knowledge of complex physical models to interpret data and apply mathematical models. C. Assess and apply patterns in science and technology. · Assess and apply recurring patterns in natural and technological systems. · Compare and contrast structure and function relationships as they relate to patterns. D. Analyze scale as a way of relating concepts and ideas to one another by some measure. · Compare and contrast various forms of dimensional analysis. · Assess the use of several units of measurement to the same problem. · Analyze and apply appropriate measurement scales when collecting data. E. Evaluate change in nature, physical systems and man made systems. · Analyze how models, systems and technologies have changed over time (e.g., germ theory, theory of evolution, solar system, cause of fire). · Explain how correlation of variables does not necessarily imply causation. · Evaluate the patterns of change within a technology (e.g., changes in engineering in the automotive industry). 3.2.12  A.  Evaluate the nature of scientific and technological knowledge. · Know and use the ongoing scientific processes to continually improve and better understand how things work. · Critically evaluate the status of existing theories. B. Evaluate experimental information for appropriateness and adherence to relevant science processes. · Evaluate experimental data correctly within experimental limits. · Judge that conclusions are consistent and logical with experimental conditions. · Interpret results of experimental research to predict new information or improve a solution. C. Apply the elements of scientific inquiry to solve multi-step problems. · Generate questions about objects, organisms and/or events that can be answered through scientific investigations. · Evaluate the appropriateness of questions. · Design an investigation with adequate control and limited variables to investigate a question. · Organize experimental information using analytic and descriptive techniques. · Evaluate the significance of experimental information in answering the question. · Project additional questions from a research study that could be studied. D. Analyze and use the technological design process to solve problems. · Assess all aspects of the problem, prioritize the necessary information and formulate questions that must be answered. · Propose, develop and appraise the best solution and develop alternative solutions. · Implement and assess the solution. · Evaluate and assess the solution, redesign and improve as necessary. · Communicate and assess the process and evaluate and present the impacts of the solution. 3.4.12 B. Apply and analyze energy sources and conversions and their relationship to heat and temperature. · Evaluate mathematical formulas that calculate the efficiency of specific chemical and mechanical systems. · Apply appropriate thermodynamic concepts (e.g., conservation, entropy) to solve problems relating to energy and heat. C. Apply the principles of motion and force. · Propose and produce modifications to specific mechanical power systems that will improve their efficiency. · Analyze the principles of translational motion, velocity and acceleration as they relate to free fall and projectile motion. · Analyze the principles of rotational motion to solve problems relating to angular momentum, and torque. · Interpret a model that illustrates circular motion and acceleration. · Describe inertia, motion, equilibrium, and action/reaction concepts through words, models and mathematical symbols. 3.5.12  A.  Analyze and evaluate earth features and processes that change the earth. · Apply knowledge of geophysical processes to explain the formation and degradation of earth structures (e.g., mineral deposition, cave formations, soil composition). · Interpret geological evidence supporting evolution. · Apply knowledge of radioactive decay to assess the age of various earth features and objects. B. Analyze the availability, location and extraction of earth resources. · Analyze the impact of resources (e.g., coal deposits, rivers) on the life of Pennsylvania’s settlements and cities. C. Analyze atmospheric energy transfers. · Describe how weather and climate involve the transfer of energy in and out of the atmosphere. · Explain how unequal heating of the air, ocean and land produces wind and ocean currents. · Analyze the energy transformations that occur during the greenhouse effect and predict the long-term effects of increased pollutant levels in the atmosphere. 3.6.12  A.  Analyze biotechnologies that relate to propagating, growing, maintaining, adapting, treating and converting. · Analyze specific examples where engineering has impacted society in protection, personal health application or physical enhancement. · Appraise and evaluate the cause and effect and subsequent environmental, economic and societal impacts that result from biomass and biochemical conversion. B. Analyze knowledge of information technologies of processes encoding, transmitting, receiving, storing, retrieving and decoding. · Apply and analyze advanced information techniques to produce a complex image that effectively conveys a message (e.g., desktop publishing, audio and/or video production). · Analyze and evaluate a message designed and produced using still, motion and animated communication techniques. · Describe the operation of fiber optic, microwave and satellite informational systems. · Apply various graphic and electronic information techniques to solve real world problems (e.g., data organization and analysis, forecasting, interpolation). C. Analyze physical technologies of structural design, analysis and engineering, personnel relations, financial affairs, structural production, marketing, research and design to real world problems. · Apply knowledge of construction technology by designing, planning and applying all the necessary resources to successfully solve a construction problem. · Compare resource options in solving a specific manufacturing problem. · Analyze and apply complex skills needed to process materials in complex manufacturing enterprises. · Apply advanced information collection and communication techniques to successfully convey solutions to specific construction problems. · Assess the importance of capital on specific construction applications. · Analyze the positive and negative qualities of several different types of materials as they would relate to specific construction applications. · Analyze transportation technologies of propelling, structuring, suspending, guiding, controlling and supporting. · Analyze the concepts of vehicular propulsion, guidance, control, suspension and structural systems while designing and producing specific complex transportation systems. 3.7.12 A. Apply advanced tools, materials and techniques to answer complex questions. · Demonstrate the safe use of complex tools and machines within their specifications. · Select and safely apply appropriate tools, materials and processes necessary to solve complex problems that could result in more than one solution. · Evaluate and use technological resources to solve complex multi-step problems. B. Evaluate appropriate instruments and apparatus to accurately measure materials and processes. · Apply and evaluate the use of appropriate instruments to accurately measure scientific and technologic phenomena within the error limits of the equipment. · Evaluate the appropriate use of different measurement scales (macro and micro). · Evaluate the utility and advantages of a variety of absolute and relative measurement scales for their appropriate application. 3.8.12  A.  Synthesize and evaluate the interactions and constraints of science and technology on society. · Compare and contrast how scientific and technological knowledge is both shared and protected. · Evaluate technological developments that have changed the way humans do work and discuss their impacts (e.g., genetically engineered crops). · Evaluate socially proposed limitations of scientific research and technological application. B. Apply the use of ingenuity and technological resources to solve specific societal needs and improve the quality of life. · Apply appropriate tools, materials and processes to solve complex problems. · Use knowledge of human abilities to design or modify technologies that extend and enhance human abilities. · Apply appropriate tools, materials and processes to physical, informational or biotechnological systems to identify and recommend solutions to international problems. C. Evaluate the consequences and impacts of scientific and technological solutions. · Propose solutions to specific scientific and technological applications, identifying possible financial considerations. · Analyze scientific and technological solutions through the use of risk/benefit analysis. · Analyze and communicate the positive or negative impacts that a recent technological invention had on society. · Evaluate and describe potential impacts from emerging technologies and the consequences of not keeping abreast of technological advancements (e.g., assessment alternatives, risks, benefits, costs, economic impacts, constraints).